Mother- Tongue based Multilingual Education Essay

Transfer to the other spoken communications once Filipino or position has been acquired to lend oneself these skills in thinking and articulating thought and Be utilize in the process of acquiring English and Filipino more effectively Social DevelopmentMaintains local langu period and culture while providing national/ internationalist spoken communication accomplishment and instruction Promotes learners integration into the national society without forcing them to sacrifice their linguistic and cultural heritage. Using the culture the babe knows enabling immediate inclusion from which new theorys can be built- going form the known to the unknown.Academic DevelopmentMeaning based gentility that enables students to learn well with the attending of what the instructor is saying. Be well prep ard to enter and achieve well in the mainstream education system. Source Gazette of the PhilippinesThe WHYsIn an article by Cruz (2011) under grading P-Noy the countrys president Pres. Noy Noy Aquino said, My view on this is larger than just the classroom. We should become tri- lingual as a country visualize English well and connect to the world Learn Filipino well and connect to our country retain your mother clapper and connect to your heritage. In light to the Legal basis in the 1987 Constitution (Article XIV Sec 7), For purposes of communication and instruction, the official wrangles of the Philippines be Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English. The regional deliverys be the auxiliary official voice communications in the regions and sh totally serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein, and as concorded by the1987 Philippine Constitution (Article XXVII Sec 30) which states that the child has the right to an education and to learn and use the language of his family, and as strengthened by RA 8780 EECD Law (Sec 5a) which states that schools and institutions shall use the childs eldest language as the medium of instruction and facts of life for all should enable everyone to speak in the vernacular, Filipino and English, RA 9155 or EFA/MDG. Under BESRA KRT 3, all persons beyond school- age regardless of their level of schooling should acquire the essential competence to be considered functionally literate in their mother tongue in Filipino or in English.Theories of Language and CognitionThis new approach in education in the Philippines under the Mother- Tongue based education in the newly use K-12 program has so much promise when it comes to having a solid bag in literacy with children and thus this would create a ripple effect as they pass off in their succeeding years not only pedantically but in like manner in life itself. There had been several(prenominal) studies and researches done showing the expertness of using the majoritys mother tongue language in learning a minority language, and in the good example of the Philippines it is a country that embraces several mother tongue languages according to Lewis, Simons, Fenig (2013) the country includes around 120- 170 identified mother tongues spoken in different parts of the country the Department of gentility in the Philippines has somehow introduced and currently approved 12 mother tongues to be used in each respective aras that use much(prenominal) mother tongue languages, the 12 identified major language or lingua argon as follow a) Tagalog b) Kapampangan c) Pangasinense d) Iloko e) Bikol f) Cebuano g) Hiligaynon h) Waray i) Tausug j) Maguindanaoan k) Maranao l) Chabacano.Even with the studies and researches done to prove that having a good foundation of the sympathy of the mother- tongue language of the child, there is still a unscathed lot of questions that rose with regards to p arnts aspirations for their children to learn English as early as Kindergarten since closely have the mentality that learning the English language and universe able to use the language in daily basis not only in school but also in complaisant gatherings, homes and play area would string their children more appealing and would excel academically. To answer those questions, enlighten peoples mentalities andto clearly understand the underlying effect of the benefits mother tongue based education offers let us first see the theories that would explain the scientific workings of language in several condition. Under the theories of Language and Cognition as described by Cummin (1981) he clearly illustrated under the Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) that the basis for students to march on learn a new language or L2 is the cognition and language fundamentals that students learned from their primary language or L1. In other words, if a student has a strong foundation and is competent in their L1, they are most seeming to be competent in the acquisition of a second language, the L2.The Common Underlying Proficiency or CUP serves as the central operation system of both(prenominal) languages L1 and L2, Cummin (1981). In shor t, if there is intelligence on the water cycle in their L1, that formulated acquaintance transfers to the comprehension of water cycle in another language or L2. In the Philippines case let us say that the water cycle as discussed in Bisaya (mother tongue used in Cebu) is learned it is of close certainty that learning the identical context discussed in English (students L2) would also be learned by the students. Linguistic knowledge, as well as skills such as summarizing chapters, can also transfer between languages, Freeman & Freeman (2004). The results of many recent studies suggest that bilingualism can positively affect both capable and linguistic progress. These studies have account that bilingual children exhibit a greater sensitivity to linguistic meanings and may be more flexible in their thinking than are monolingual children (Cummins and Swain, 1986 Diaz, 1986 Hakuta and Diaz, 1985 Ricciardelli, 1989). closely of these studies have investigated aspects of childrens m etalinguistic demotement in other words, childrens explicit knowledge round the structure and functions of language itself.Another concept under canonical Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) and consisting of the language skills that enables students to communicate in everyday social contexts at home or in group, Diaz- Rico & Weed (2006) and consists of more social cues, such as wave or a smile when a friend or acquaintance is seen, or a nod from a enlightener or parent to affirm that the child is doing a good job. Since it is context embedded, L2 learners tend to develop it within 2 years much more quick than Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP). CALP can be seen of as academic, or school language and requires more complex thoughtprocess such as categorizing and analyzing. It focuses more on abstract and decontextualized Diaz- Rico & Weed (2010), higher- target thinking skills are required from students in this aspect, since the lack of context clues that CALP provides, it can murder up to five years for English Language Learners or L2 to develop.An important characteristic of the bilingual children in the more recent studies (conducted since the early 1960s) is that, for the most part, they were growing what has been termed an additive form of bilingualism (Lambert, 1975) in other words, they were adding another language which is English as their second language to their repertory skills at no cost or disadvantage of their first language but instead these children were in the process of attaining high level of fluency and literacy in both of their two languages. To further develop such skills what teachers could do is to encourage students to keep reading stories, articles or animations in their infixed language for fun, or even talk about their day in school with their parents, guardians, friends and/ or social circle in their native language, and in order to furnish for the development of BICS, teachers need to give students beat to socialize doneout the school day. This time could be during a work time or even just at lunch and on the playground.Without many opportunities to communicate socially, English Language Learners will struggle with basic language development. In the aspect of the development of CALP in an English Language Learner is one that will counter more time and thought on the part of the teacher. When introducing content-specific language in the classroom, it is helpful to provide student with visuals and realia as much as possible. Giving students the opportunity to visually picture the concept will aid their soul. When the concept is more abstract, as is the case with more upper-leveled grades, resources such as charts, graphs and graphic organizers may be particularly helpful in the development of CALP.Cummins himself says that not only does maintenance of L1 helps students to communicate with parents and grandparents in their families, and increase the collective linguistic competen ce of the entire society, it enhances the intellectual and academic resources of individual bilingual studentsCummins (2000). Children use language in social context, especially in building relationships, exchanging information, thinking and with the play of words and in communication while learning. We know today that the ability to communicate is prior to linguistic development before producing words to communicate, babies start to babble or show signs in order to communicate to their caregivers or family then they start to name people and things around them to exchange information and make sense and meaning of the world they are in.As they continue to develop, their language develops and they become more sophisticated communicators from then on their personality develops and when they go to school they start playing with other children and cooperating and use their language(s) to interact with peers and adults and to learn. Therefore, children need language to socialize, to comm unicate, to understand the world and to learn. As Harding and Riley (1986) write A child learning a language is learning about the world, about how it is organised and how it works. This is very different from the adult learning a second language who tends to work the other way round he brings his world with him and uses the language to try to express it. When placed in a bilingual or multilingual setting, children are going to learn in that context through their first language or L1 and that it is important to acknowledge several facts around L1 that is the language acquired from home and from birth to their social circle and it does not stop by the time children enter school. And that the additional language would not develop and progress similarly with L1 since L1 is already pre- existing. As a teacher, one should always remember that just because a student speaks English well on the playground, does not mean their CALP language is fluent.A teacher should encourage students to co ntinue to read unbendablely in their native language, so that they can transfer these skills into English. As Cummins (2000) states Conceptual knowledge developed in one language helps to make input in the other language comprehensible. If a child already understands the concepts of justice or honesty in her own language, all she has to do is acquire the label for these terms in English. She has a far more difficult task, however, if she has to acquire both the label and the concept in her second language Shoebottom (1996- 2012). Another tactic teachers can use is to allow students to work in groups with other who speak the same native language. Teachers could allow students to talk amongthemselves, use pictures or dictionaries if they dont understand something. Teach all students the vocabulary before starting an new unit, this can benefit the entire class. Never judge a student for not understanding something taught to them in their L2.It had been obtrusive that almost anywhere t he minorities are taken for granted. They are expected, if not required to assimilate to the socio- political edifices, social practices, and the social standards which are mostly built by the majority. Even then the majority still treats them less than equal, if not less than human. And with regards to the minority in the aspect of language in the Philippines, this particular learning hatchway is ideal to the schools who caters to disabled students and also to students who have special postulate. And with this new program which is the MTB- MLE it is most likely to enhance and help them make meaning to the concepts and topics that are being introduced, it would eliminate one aspect of understanding the word, their only concern by then is understanding the concept since they already understand the language use in the introduction of the content, thus making it easier for them and making it personal and relatable.Since the aim of mainstreaming is to let students with special needs learn at par with habitue students, this learning scuttle would enhance that aim and would fully immerse students with special needs in the regular world it would also put them at par with the reality that regular students are in. This learning initiative would help these marginalized minorities through supporting the use of their mother tongue and helping them make sense of the words and the world they are in.In line with the salient features of this MTB- MLE learning initiative, this would be powerful in the development of their language literacy, thus providing them with a strong educational foundation on their first language and bridging it in learning another language either the Filipino language or the English language and also, enabling them to use both or all languages in their own discretion, and given that students with special needs find it challenging in transferring concepts and instantly making meaning on concepts compared to regular students, this learning initiativ e would put their mother tongue as their solid foundation in figuring out the meaning ofeach topic and the concept introduced, making it less stressful and difficult.Another feature that was presented focused on Cognitive development of students and learners, and with MTB- MLE learning initiative it is based on the child or students own known environment and bridges their world to the wider world so as the concept of Known to Unknown and the build- up of higher order thinking skills as to where they are capable of doing, may it be figuring out money change, or deciding as to where the safest part of the road to cross and the understanding concepts learned through their mother tongue would then be transferred in another language, and making it less confusing since there is already prior knowledge and familiarity o the concept. In the aspect of social development, since these minorities have difficulty with regards to their social skills, this learning initiative would enable them to make it less threatening and intimidating for them to work themselves in social circles, practices and activities, may it be joining a person or two in the playground and engaging in a unanalyzable play or social gathering. MTB- MLE enables these students to use their known culture and enabling them to immediately comprehend social practices, activities and realities based on their known world outback(a) those in schooltheir known world at home, encouraging them to interact and share what they usually do at home since the language used at home, is the same language used in school, activities and social practices in their learning environment.And the last salient feature discussed in this learning initiative is academic development, through MTB- MLE learning initiative, students with special needs are able to make meaning of what the teacher is saying since the language used is their mother tongue, the language most likely they use at home and are familiar to them. And also, it wo uld allow this minority to be well prepared to achieve well in the mainstream education system as what most parents aspire their children to achieve. The learning experience of students with special needs would most likely be enhanced with this learning initiative since it is basing the acquisition of concepts, topics, context and ideas in their known language and allowing immediate acceptance to these concepts since the language used is already an experienced everyday activity. It would limit special needs students intimidation, threat and misgiving in engaging themselves socially, academically and emotionally, since they could clearly see that their fellowstudents, as well as teachers are using the same known language with regards to precept and learning, and putting them on the same standard as of the other regular students, also allowing the minimal feel on the difference of regular students and special needs students.This learning initiative would most likely encourage student s to achieve more are would not make big concepts in different subjects intimidating since the language used are non- threatening to them, this would allow them to relate their everyday reality to the reality nationally, internationally and globally. Upon having a solid foundation on their mother tongue, students are also able to retain their local identicalness and national identity at the same time being able to find their global identity thus giving them a key to fully experience the world outside their known world through the help of worldwide web, media, and global activities. though this learning initiative is very ideal to the marginalized minority which is towards students with special needs under mainstream program this learning initiative poses a challenge to its proponents, especially the teachers, since being the product of the old education system which uses English as the medium of instruction and mother tongue was not in the picture in the whole education process, te achers would find it a constant challenge to cultivate their known mother tongue and use it in their teaching practices, learning once once more how to write in their mother tongue at the same time being critical with the syntax and technicalities when it comes to the grammar in their mother tongue, since one could not today translate English sentences to ones mother tongue due to its arrangement and syntax.Teachers have to shift to what they have known, used and practiced in their education as well as their profession, it is a shift to learning and entertaining their mother tongue and incorporating it to their instruction it would mean relearning terminologies and changes in outlines, instructional materials, resources, references, educational strategies and practices these challenges are to be faced head on and demands consistency and result from stakeholders such as schools, parents, students and the government.This learning initiative is properly introduced and practiced, it wo uld make a difference not only to the marginalized minority but also to the other students especially those who are struggling academically, and since theories involving L2 acquisition shows that having a solid foundation on L1 does not invalid any academicperformance rather than it supports and enhances the students understanding of concepts since the language used is their home language, the language that they have been familiar since birth, the language that they have learned to make meaning on this outside their academic world. The successful practice of this learning initiative would bring about better comprehending students, better learners, enhancement of higher order thinking skills, life skills and whole rounded learners. It would also promote unity in different localities in the same region, unity in schools and not having that fulgurous difference on status basing on the language spoken, unity in public and private school sectors, unity and uniformity in concepts taught .And as a teacher, I am moved to respond to this learning initiative by furthering and widening my skills and knowledge on my mother tongue since I personally am not confident to teach my mother tongue, since I grew up in an English speaking environment and in a family that used English in almost always at home. I am challenged to relearn my mother tongue and to have full command of my local language, and since the country is already adapting to MTB- MLE it is my certificate of indebtedness as a future teacher to make into reality the aims and features of this learning initiative, making the learning experience personal to my future students and learners even if there are more than 30 students in a class, it is my responsibility to make sure that my future students would confidently be able to make sense and meaning to what I am conveying and saying with regards to teaching concepts, and also carry with it the encouragement for unity, uniformity and decrease the fear of being diffe rent in terms of understanding the language. Since this learning initiative is fairly a new concept to some, it is also my responsibility to share the beauty and its advantages, in the whole educational experience of a learner, it is my responsibility to make it known to others of the weight of such learning initiative in the enhancement and development of whole rounded learners and life- long learners.ReferencesBasic gentility Sector Reform Agenda (BESRA), 2010. BESRA Key Reform Thrust 3 Influential social institutions and key social processes are engaged by DepED to support national scale attainment of desired learning outcomes.Retrieved from http//www.fnf.org.ph/downloadables/Basic%20Education%20Sector%20Reform%20Agenda.pdf Cruz, Isagani 2011. Grading P- Noy. PhilSTAR.com the Filipino Global Community. Retrieved from http//www.philstar.com/education-and-home/708011/grading-p-noy Cummins, J. & Swain, M. (1986). Bilingualism in education Aspects of theory, research and practice. L ondon Longman. Cummins, J. 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